The Chambers Dictionary is frequently recommended for British cryptic
crosswords and is the official reference for Scrabble® in the UK. Its
idiosyncratic style and comprehensiveness have endeared it to generations of
word puzzle enthusiasts.
The Edinburgh-based publishing firm of W. and R. Chambers was founded in
1832 and soon became known for its reference works. Chambers's English
Dictionary was first published in 1872. The first of several name changes
occurred in 1901 when the dictionary was renamed Chambers's Twentieth
Century Dictionary. Subsequently the name changed to Chambers English
Dictionary (1988) and finally The Chambers Dictionary (1993).
Chambers is now published by Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd and
is the most comprehensive single-volume English dictionary: over 200,000 words,
phrases and abbreviations are defined. It covers words and meanings from all
over the English-speaking world and is continually updated as the language
evolves.
The Scottish roots of the dictionary are evident in the inclusion of many
Scots dialect words such as tattie-bogle (a scarecrow),
clishmaclaver (gossip) and gilravage (riotous merrymaking). The
pronunciations given for some words are based on the Scots accent rather than
Received Pronunciation.
Obsolete words and spelling variants, especially those from literature, have
long been a feature of Chambers. These often come to the aid of crossword
compilers struggling to fill a grid. Examples are halfe-horsy
(Centaur-like, Spenser), rudesby (an uncivil fellow, Shakespeare),
trot-cozy (a riding-hood, Scott), townskip (a city urchin,
Dickens).
Chambers also has an excellent coverage of scientific and technical terms
and many of the new words in the language come from these areas. Chambers
2008 (the 11th Edition) includes over 1000 new words and meanings
and is
available
now.
Chambersisms
The Chambers editors have upheld the tradition of Dr Johnson by planting the
occasional humorous definition. Some of the more entertaining ones are:
abloom in a blooming state
bafflegab the professional logorrhoea of many politicians,
officials and salespeople, characterized by prolix abstract circumlocution
and/or a profusion of abstruse technical terminology, used as a means of
persuasion, pacification or obfuscation
éclair a cake, long in shape but short in duration
Japanese cedar a very tall Japanese conifer (Cryptomeria
japonica) often dwarfed by Japanese gardeners
jaywalker a careless pedestrian whom motorists are expected
to avoid running down
middle-aged between youth and old age, variously reckoned to
suit the reckoner
mullet³ a hairstyle that is short at the front, long at
the back, and ridiculous all round
pock-pudding a Scottish contemptuous name for a mere
Englishman
Xylophaga a genus of boring bivalves
Some other amusing definitions and etymologies can be found under:
bachelor's wife, bikini, boy band, brains trust,
buckwheat, channel-surf, charity begins at home,
combover, double-locked, fan dance, fish¹,
flag-day, go-faster stripes, grammaticaster,
he-man, Jacquard-loom, lady-killer, leprechaun,
lint, man-eater, massage someone's ego,
misrepresent, nineteen to the dozen, not to mention,
nouvelle, old girl, overbridge, Oxford English,
pantagamy, peat-reek, perpetrate, petting party,
Pict, repent², restoration, road hog,
Runyonesque, Santa Claus, sea serpent, shiver my
timbers, spatangoid, squillion, table-turning,
taghairm, talk against time, throw the handkerchief,
tracksuit, tweenager, waistline.
Record Breakers
Here are some of the extremes to be found in Chambers:
Longest word (45 letters)
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis a form of
pneumoconiosis caused by very fine silicate or quartz dust
Longest isogram (15 letters)
dermatoglyphics the science of the study of skin patterns
Longest palindromes (9 letters)
Rotavator® a motor-powered, hand-operated soil-tilling
machine
Malayalam the Dravidian language of Kerala in SW India
Most consecutive letters (4)
hoo-oo an interjection expressing boisterous emotion
Most homographs (8)
kip a nap; the skin of a young animal; a short flat stick;
the unit of currency in Laos; a level or slight incline at the end of an
underground passage; a pointed hill; to play truant; a unit of weight
pink a light red colour; to stab; a chaffinch; a small
sailing ship; a yellow lake pigment; to wink; anything small; a minnow
port a harbour; left; an opening in the side of a ship; a
fortified wine; demeanour; a borough; a bagpipe composition; a suitcase
rack a framework; destruction; to draw off from the lees; a
cut of meat; a horse's gait; driving mist; an ardent spirit; a young rabbit's
skin
Most mutual anagrams (9)
aster a plant
earst formerly
reast to become rancid
resat sat an examination again
stare a fixed look
stear to guide
strae dried stalks of corn
Taser a small gunlike device
teras a monstrosity
Most irregular plurals
erg (pl areg) a Saharan area of shifting sand dunes
eyrir (pl aurar) an Icelandic monetary unit
falaj (pl aflaj) a water channel
inkosi (pl amakosi) a traditional leader of a Zulu clan
lilangeni (pl emalangeni) the standard monetary unit of Swaziland
loti (pl maloti) the standard monetary unit of Lesotho
sente (pl lisente) a monetary unit in Lesotho
Last word alphabetically
zythum a kind of beer made by the ancient Egyptians, highly
commended by Diodorus Siculus
Word Squares
The largest word squares using only vocabulary in Chambers are of eight
letter words. Around 70 of these have been found with Sympathy, all having the same words reading across and
down ("single" word squares). In this example, the words are all
emboldened entries:

cercaria the final larval stage of many trematode worms
emergent suddenly appearing
reverist a daydreamer
crepance a wound on a horse's hind ankle-joint, caused by the shoe of
the other hind-foot
agraphon a traditional utterance ascribed to Jesus, not in the canonical
Gospels
rein-hand normally a coachman's left hand
insconce to settle comfortably
attender a person who pays attention
The largest double word squares found using only vocabulary in Chambers are
of seven letter words. If inflected forms of entries are allowed, there are
many of these. In this example, the two words with asterisks are regular
plurals of emboldened entries:

sea lace a brown seaweed, Chorda filum
ampulla a small two-handled ancient Roman flask
rippler someone who removes seeds from flax or hemp
acaudal tailless
pallone an Italian game in which a ball is struck with a gauntlet or
armguard
intines* inner membranes of a pollen grain or spore
stoners* people who stone
Sarapis a god of the Greeks of Egypt, identified with Apis and Osiris
emicant sparkling
appalto a contract or monopoly
lupulin a yellow powder used as a sedative
all done used up
cleaner a person or thing that cleans
earless without ears